Level A
Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text.>
Explanation
When content structures like headings, tables, and lists, are presented visually, they must also be provided in ways that assistive technologies can understand. This makes sure that people who use screen readers, magnifiers, and speech recognition tools, can use their assistive technologies to navigate to the content, and successfully interact with it.
Roles
- Development
- QA
Requirements
- Tabular data is presented using proper HTML markup (
<table>,<tr>,<th>, and<td>elements); - Lists of items are presented using proper HTML markup (
<ul>,<ol>, and<li>elements); - Headings are presented using proper HTML markup (
<h1>through<h6>elements); - Form fields have properly associated
<label>elements; - Sets of radio buttons or checkboxes have a
<fieldset>element to group them together, and a<legend>element to provide a label for the group; - Form fields with format requirements or other additional information have properly associated hints.
Common mistakes
- Tabular data is displayed using CSS to present the appearance of a table, but the proper HTML markup has not been used;
- A list of items is presented using line breaks to separate each item, and the proper HTML markup has not been used;
- Headings are text styled with CSS, and the proper HTML markup has not been used;
- Headings use the proper HTML markup, but do not accurately represent the hierarchy of content on the page (starting with
<h1>, then<h2>for each section,<h3>for each sub-section and so on); - Form fields do not have labels;
- Form fields have labels but they are not properly associated with their corresponding fields;
- Sets of radio buttons or checkboxes are not grouped inside a
<fieldset>element, and do not have a<legend>element to provide a label for the group; - Form fields have format requirements or additional information, but it is not properly associated with the corresponding field.
Official resources
- 1.3.1 Info and Relationships
- Understanding 1.3.1 Info and Relationships
- How to meet 1.3.1 Info and Relationships